Wednesday, November 16, 2005

Feared Editting Prof Wheres Alot of Hats

Doug Fisher teaches one of the most dreaded courses in the University of South Carolina's School of Journalism and Mass Communications: "I’ve been called the 'great Satan' and, I suspect, worse. I’ve also had students run from my office gleefully screaming into their cell phones, 'Mom, I got a B!'" But the 6'4" former A.P. editor uses humor to diffuse some of the intimidation: "Sometimes I wear funny hats to class – a ball cap with a giant pencil screwed into it (yes, that’s a real working pencil and eraser), a hard hat (my favorite for 'building' headlines), a cowboy hat (useful for 'rounding up' loose sentences) and others. Sometimes I don a ghoul’s mask or that of a hockey goalie (think Jason)." Creativity is also a key. Why should editing be desk work? Fisher's editing students get out of their seats to represent words that are moved around the room by "editors." Fisher hopes his courses can "make people laugh a little, realize that editing, while serious stuff, can be fun."

Saturday, October 29, 2005

Starting Class with a Joke: An example and some tips

I’m a big fan of starting class with a joke. It gets the students settled in and on the same mental page. It can lower anxiety levels early in the semester or when you are giving or handing back tests. It can also add a little espresso to an early morning or late afternoon class. Also, if the students get used to laughing at the start of class (Tip: avoid wondering whether the students are laughing with you or at you), they will have extra motivation to come to class on time.

Example: For a Mass Communications and Society class, I borrowed and modified a joke from a comedian I saw on David Letterman the night before. “My girlfriend’s never happy. She said the other day that her grandfather used to tell her grandmother every day that she was the most beautiful woman in the world. I said, “What could he know about beautiful women? Back then, they didn’t even have cable.” If you are adventurous, you can riff off of this theme. “Back then, they didn’t even have Baywatch, Spanish game shows, Desperate Housewives, (PAUSE), the Golden Girls…” You can tailor the joke, as I did, to fit your needs and situation.

Analysis (Warning: If you analyze a joke too much, it’ll stop being funny to you):

If you’ve ever had a student see you at the movies or at the mall and look at you incredulously, asking, “What are you doing here?” you know that a joke beginning with the professor talking about his or her relationship works to get the students attention because they are curious about their professors' lives outside of the classroom and probably unaware that the professors have lives off campus (if you are untenured, you probably don’t).

Series or lists of items can be funny when one of the items (often the last one) is different (like Golden Girls). The first three items are funny in their own right, they produce images of mass-produced hyper-Hollywood sex appeal, but the fourth is even funnier because of its incongruity with the previous three. Huh??? The Golden Girls??? Tip: Though I used four items in this series, there is a comedic principle that states that three is the funniest number of items in a series (see item 1A below for why I broke this “rule”).

This joke requires

  1. A knowledge of some television programming that corresponds with your students’ frames of reference.
    A. If you are unsure what they know, add more items to the list. For example, I originally had only Baywatch and Spanish game shows before the payoff Golden Girls. But I grew afraid that the students were unfamiliar with Spanish game shows. If students are unfamiliar with one item in a two-part series, they can’t establish the pattern necessary to get the joke. I didn’t want to drop that reference though because it was funny to my many Hispanic students. So I broke the rule of threes and added “Desperate Housewives” so that more students could pick up on the Hollywood hotties pattern before I got to the punchline.
    B. Tip: Keep pop culture references simple and common. Students need not have actually watched any of those programs to get the joke. Commercials for—and popular references to—these shows have hopefully built up enough familiarity for students to get the joke.
  2. Updating your humor. Warning: At some point in the future, the students may not know who the “Golden Girls” are. If you have to explain the joke, it’s not going to be funny.
  3. Watching a little late-night TV and listening for malleable jokes.
  4. A transition into the day’s material. Always try to tie the joke into the lesson or the course in general. I transitioned into a lecture on images of women in modern mass media and the way modern mass media change our self-esteem and our expectations. You can even ask what made the joke funny? What did it seem impossible that the Golden Girls could be beautiful or sexy?

Wednesday, October 05, 2005

Teaching Ethics through Shared Laughter

In this article I will elaborate on the value of comedy as a teaching tool for philosophers and professors. I will provide a number of examples, showing how comedy can provide fertile examples of ethical theory at work, and I will show how comedy can be used to clarify cultural norms and values. Finally, I will discuss the political activism and student empowerment involved in teaching Philosophy, Comedy and Film in southern Georgia.

--By Christine A. James, PhD (Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Valdosta State University Valdosta, Georgia)

Tuesday, September 27, 2005

Using Humor In The College Classroom To Enhance Teaching Effectiveness In "Dread Courses"

Humor is a valuable teaching tool for establishing a classroom climate conducive to learning. This article identifies opportunities for incorporating humor in the college classroom, reviews the impact of humor on learning outcomes, and suggests guidelines for the appropriate use of humor. Of particular interest is humor in "dread courses" which students may avoid due to a lack of self-confidence, perceived difficulty of the material or a previous negative experience in a content area. Appropriate and timely humor in the college classroom can foster mutual openness and respect and contribute to overall teaching effectiveness.

The Laughter Remedy

Created by Paul E. McGhee, Ph.D., The Laughter Remedy was created to provide1) information (based on the latest research) about how humor contributes to health, stress reduction, and effective job performance, and2) the tools needed by individuals, corporations, health care organizations, and support groups to obtain these benefits. This is achieved in three ways:
1. See our articles designed to keep you up to date on recent research relating to humor and health and issues concerning humor in the work place. (See Humor Your Tumor, Humor in the Workplace, etc.)
2. Keynotes and seminars on humor for your company, health care organization, or conference. (See Speaker Brochure.)
3. Books on humor and health/stress, and how to develop your own humor coping skills. (See Laughter Remedy Products.) McGhee wrote Health, Healing, and the Amuse System: Humor as Survival Training and Small Medium at Large: How to Develop a Powerful Verbal Sense of Humor (adult edition) as well as several childhood editions geared to developing and understanding children's sense of humor.

After-school comedy training at middle school

Larry Mintz, the director of the Art Gliner Center for Humor Studies at the university thinks the concept of an after-school comedy club is a great way for kids to dig deep into themselves. "Its unique ability to let young teens express themselves about issues important to them-bullying, dating, teachers, parents-is what makes this special," he says.

Humor Reference Guide (full text book) by Warren Shibles

This comprehensive classsification and analysis of humor was written by Warren Shibles, a philosophy professor at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater.

Courses taught in humor

  • Humor and laughter by Dr. Michael K. Cundall Jr., The Honors College, Arkansas State
  • The Rhetoric of American Political Humor by Michael Phillips, Communication, U. of Maryland
  • Humor at the workplace (MSD187) by Clyde Fahlmann, Portland Community College.
    Communication and Humor (SCTA 380) by Todd T. Holm, Ph.D, at Concordia College in Moorhead, MN
  • Rabbis, rogues and schlemiels: Jewish humor and its roots by Lewis Glinert, Dartmouth College COMP LIT 70
  • They Psychology of Humour and Laughter (PSY356: Spring 2002) by Willibald Ruch, Queens U. of Belfast
  • The arts and science of humor by Janet Davis, Ph.D, Truman St. U.
  • LIN 591: Seminar in Linguistic Humor (Spring 2001) by Don L.F. Nilsen
  • Psychology of Humor (Spring 2001) by Jon Mueller
  • Ethnic Humor by Ruth Schwartz (Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute)
  • Comedy & Laughter by G. Neil Martin
  • Enhance Your Teaching With Laughter (University of California Extension, Santa Cruz by Doni Tamblyn)
  • Educa desde el humor (Educate through humor) at the Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Spain, (July 26th to 30th) by German Payo
  • Satire, Irony, and Gallows Humor (Spring 1999) by Don L.F. Nilsen
  • Psychology of Humour by Rod A. Martin
  • Linguistics of Humor by Jocelyn Cohan
  • Writing for Electronic Media Genres: Situation Comedies by Arthur Asa Berger
  • Humor: An Interdisciplinary Approach by Martin Lampert (for nurses and students at Holy Names College).
  • Literature of Laughter by John A. Dowell
  • Linguistic Approaches to Humor by Neal Norrick
  • Developing a psychology of humor by Mark Mitchell
  • Television Situation Comedy by Angela M. S. Nelson
  • The comic theater Comparative Literature, Cornell
  • Humor in the Workplace by Clyde Fahlman

Journals and Conferences

Associations

  • American Humor Studies Association (AHSA) fosters and promotes study, criticism, andresearch in American humor in all its varied aspects.
  • Association for Applied and Therapeutic Humor (AATH) committed to advancing knowledge and understanding of humor and laughter as they relate to healing and well-being
  • International Society for Humor Studies (ISHS) is a scholarly and professional organization dedicated to the advancement of humor research. Many of the society’s members are university and college professors, representing disciplines such as Psychology, Linguistics, Literature, Biology, Education, Anthropology, Philosophy, Religion, Fine Arts, and Sociology. The society also includes professionals in areas such as counseling, nursing, management, journalism, and theater. All of the society’s members are interested in the many facets of humor, including its role in entertainment, business, and health care as well as how humor varies according to culture, age, gender, purpose, and historical context.
  • The Humor Project is the first organization in the world to focus full-time on the positive power of humor. Its mission is to make a difference by being a unique, pioneering, and cutting-edge organization that touches the lives of individuals, organizations, and nations. They seek to help people get more smileage out of their lives and jobs by applying the practical, positive power of humor and creativity.
  • American Humor Institute -- "At the American Comedy Institute, we offer people training to persue comedy professionally or simply as something they love and want to learn how to do well."

"Laughingly Referred To: An Interdisciplinary Bibliography

Jason Rutter's "Laughingly Referred To: An Interdisciplinary Bibliography of Published Work in the Field of Humour Studies and Research" is a unique resource for the humour researcher. Originally developed for distribution on the HUMOUR-RESEARCH mailing list this bibliography now contains over 4000 individual references.

Jim Lyttle's Humor Page

Jim Lyttle wrote his dissertation on the effectiveness of a business ethics training program that used Dilbert cartoons. His thesis also explored uses of humor. His site has a number of links to a more theoretical side of humor, focusing on the nature of humor, theories of humor, and the essence of humor. Lyttle recommends two introductory books on the humor: Humor: Its Origin and Development and The Philosophy of Laughter and Humor.